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The text presented below has been prepared to clarify, what we call the randomness of the file. The files have also been analyzed to understand other systems. If you are able to make a file, which will have ~100% of randomness, and will be compressible by non-Exsiccate software, please, send it to us. Please, bear in mind one exception, described at the end of this page.

The program to check randomness of the files has been called Rand-O-meteR. The approach presented below is to describe, how Rand-O-meteR works. Exsiccate can be used to compress each type of file, always with constant compression ratio. Non-Exsiccate programs should fail compressing files that have 90%-110% randomness index.

Each character in a file can be represented by binary code. The standard ASCII table (256 chars set) is typically used for that kind of change. Files, generated by Rand-O-meteR, with extension *.tmpbin are text files, where each character has been changed into binary representative. The volume size of the tmpbin file is eight (8) times bigger, than volume size of the input file. Consecutive zeroes and ones are summed by Rand-O-meteR, putting all summed numbers into *.csv file.

Example:

oryginal_stream = "abcdef"

binary_representative (tmpbin file)= "011000010110001001100011011001000110010101100110"

consecutive_results (csv file)= 1,2,4,1,1,2,3,1,2,2,3,2,1,2,2,1,3,2,2,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,1
    (commas are here for easy reading)

Total: 11x1 + 12*2 + 3*3 + 1*4 = 48 bits

Perfectly random file should look like:
12*1 + 6*2 + 3*3 + 1.5*4 + 0.75*5 + 0.375*6 + 0.1875*7 + ... = 48 bits

However, it is impossible to have non-integer amount of bits, so we expect:
12*1 + 7*2 + 3*3 + 2*4 + 1*5 = 48 bit

The perfectly random file:
The easiest way to prepare perfectly random file that is to have an appropriate amount of groups, for example:
tmpbin: “01010011000”
csv: 1,1,1,1,2,2,3
Total: (4*1 + 2*2 + 1*3).

The general equations of the randomness of file are presented below:
2 ^ n     groups of one   consecutive zero   or one
2 ^ (n-1) groups of two   consecutive zeroes or ones
2 ^ (n-2) groups of three consecutive zeroes or ones
...
2 ^ 0     groups of n     consecutive zeroes or ones

Such files will have randomness equal to 100%. If files have enough volume size (2^32 bits), you will be able to compress them by non-Exsiccate programs. You can use advanced statistics of Rand-O-meteR to see randomness of 256 bit blocks. This, however, is not used by program, when calculating randomness index.

Each program has its limitations.

- Result obtained by Rand-O-meteR can include errors, if sinle group of 140000 (+/- 70000) bits can be found in a file

- Rand-O-meteR should crash automatically, if at least one group of 280000+ bits can be found in a file

- There is only this particular version of program done and tested on Windows 10 64bit

- Rand-O-meteR does not remember the names of the files used for change.

- Advanced setting checks for structure of each 256 bits (as old excel was limited to this amount of columns) and it is not useful anyhow, so why to bother with changes ;)